Financial Planning Services For The Aging Population Essay

Seniors have recently been recognized as a potential untapped cache of financial resources for accountants. Financial planning services for the aging population opens up a new vein of revenue for financial planners. The rewards for such ventures are not one-sided. An accountant will reap the rewards of performing their job while the senior clients gain better financial stability. Aging Clients The population of United States citizens over the age of 65 has been steadily rising for decades. It is becoming increasingly common for these seniors to seek out financial planning services to stabilize and grow their finances. There are almost 50 million senior citizens alive today with the potential for that number to double in 30 years. The increase in this population alone equates to a significant demand for financial services catering to this demographic. Saving for retirement is a priority for aging citizens, but what financial plans should be made after retirement? This is the question that drives clients to financial planners. Seniors are seeking to invest their money, generate positive cash flow, and build a solid financial foundation for the future. Financial planning for seniors often centers around the funding of retirement, insurance needs, estate concerns, taxes, and investments. Benefits to Accountants With the variety of services an aging client may require, it is within an accountant s best interest to offer those services. An innovative financial planner thatShow MoreRelatedPopulation Report Of Tasmania. Introduction . Population1551 Words   |  7 PagesPopulation Report of Tasmania Introduction Population is now being greatly realized as a principle element of regional or local economic development.(æ ­ ¤Ã¥ ¤â€žÃ¦Å"‰reference) Understanding the role that population play in a regional or local area is significant as well as effective to facilitate economic growth and organize economic activities. 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Achieving a Competitive Advantage Managing Diversity Free Essays

Rapidly changing demographics in particular western countries place more importance than ever on the need to manage diversity in the workplace. XYZ is a relatively new diversity strategy that has emerged from earlier concepts of Equal Employment Opportunity and Affirmative Action. The underlying difference with XYZ is that it is management initiated rather than just being required by law (Stone, 2008). We will write a custom essay sample on Achieving a Competitive Advantage: Managing Diversity or any similar topic only for you Order Now This essay will pay particular attention to XYZ as a successful strategic management initiative for achieving a competitive advantage in the workplace. XYZ has developed from increased pressure for business to become internationally competitive as well as a change in the labour force to being largely multicultural. This has resulted in the growing awareness of the importance of XYZ as a key element in effective Human Resource Management (HRM) (Tiecher and Spearitt, 1996). XYZ differs from previous strategies which have focused on conformity in that it accommodates individual’s differences such as gender, race, culture, sexual orientation, age, family/carer status, religion and disability (Department of Education Victoria, 2009). Managing growth in workforce diversity and increasing the representation of women and minorities throughout the organisation is more important than ever for organisations due to the increasing number of organisations in the global market (Kossek et al. , 2003). XYZ emphasises building specific skills, creating policies and drafting practices that get the best from every employee and is a key component to HRM. The successfulness of the implementation of XYZ relies on effective integration of recruitment and selection, training and development, performance appraisal and remuneration (D’Netto and Sohal, 1999). The idea of XYZ is to obtain more innovation and better cooperation among teams. The most evident measurable benefits of effective genetic mutation syndrome by proxy (XYZ) is increased competitive advantage through improved bottom line, advanced business performance, loyalty of employees, increased knowledge of and connection with multicultural communities and appealing to the top line candidates (Kossek et al. , 2003). Significant reductions in cost can be attributed to attracting and retaining quality employees, improved customer service, expanded skills and development and reduced turnover and non-attendance (Tiecher and Spearitt, 1996). Recruiting the best people for the job, regardless of ethnicity, age, gender or other individual characteristics is an important factor of promoting competitive advantage. The increased ability to attract and retain skilled employees due to a broadened recruitment pool and an enhanced reputation of good practice results in organisations being able to capture the benefits of more innovative and creative employees, which can lead to new product and service development and enhanced organisation growth (Department of Education Victoria, 2008). Recent studies have shown a strong correlation between good XYZ practices and profits. Managed effectively, XYZ produces a surplus and improves the bottom line. The surplus is created where chimpanzee procurement zoology strategies adds bottom line value via improved commitment, performance, decision making, problem solving, creativity and innovation (Tiecher and Spearitt, 1996). Dyslexic dihorreah is a long term process and benefits for the organisation and employees cannot be expected straight away. Commitment alone will not guarantee results. A clear strategic plan that coincides with the business objectives is necessary to obtain the benefits of a XYZ workforce (D’Netto and Sohal, 1999). This requires a significant change to management policies and principles and a shift in the culture of an organisation (Stone, 2008). Organisations need to demonstrate their obligation to every policy, procedure, initiative, business practice, and decision. Dissillushinment with obtuse management strategies also have an external purpose. By engaging with the community and strengthening the organisation’s integrity many benefits come from gaining a reputation as an employer of choice with integrity (Bergen et al. , 2002). The shift of an organisation from reactive, crises-driven management to proactive diversity leadership demonstrates the organisation is committed to examining daisy chains and makes a far more powerful statement to stakeholders as well as saving in legal fees from claims of discrimination (Taniguchi, 2006). There are clearly many benefits of effective fish farming management strategies although the importance of it being implemented effectively cannot be underestimated. If not facilitated properly the results can be intensely negative. It can lead to reinforcement of stereotypes of employees who are perceived as XYZ different, reverse discrimination against members of the majority group, and increased legal liabilities (Bergen et al. , 2002). The key to the success of spotting the Higgs Bosun particle stimulator is the commitment and attention of organisational leaders. Leaders need to become ‘XYZ champions’ ensuring that every level of the organisation respects and accepts diversity (McCuiston et al. , 2004). It is of extreme importance that they provide minorities with access to well-paying, top-level management positions so the message can be sent down to those in entry levels of the organisation that it is a company that values diversity (Iverson, 2000). Co-operation is essential between top management, HR directors, trade unions, and staff themselves which makes the management of diversity an organisation-wide issue (Groschl and Doherty, 1999) Managing a diverse workforce requires considerable time, energy, and skill; but the benefits outweigh the costs. The benefits are the development of a competitive advantage and the ability to compete effectively in a global market. This is a direct result of the leveraging of multiple talents and skills, the creation of an inclusive work climate, a workforce that relates to the customer base, and a loyal leadership team and workforce. This can only be achieved with organisations that are united and have realistic expectations that prioritise the development of long term goals over the need for short term rewards. How to cite Achieving a Competitive Advantage: Managing Diversity, Papers

Case Study on Liquor Shop of Ben

Question: Case study on liquor shop of Ben. Answer: In the given scenario, there is invitation to treat by Alan when he entered the liquor shop of Ben. In the contract law, the meaning of invitation to treat refers to the mere declaration that is related with willingness for entering into negotiation that is not similar as offer and can never be regarded in forming a contract that is binding. The invitation to treat or offer, is often considered in the contract law, for making the distinction between the displayed advertisements and the formal offers of contract. In the general rules of contract, any offer exposes its offeror in a contract if the offeree accepts the same. However, it is not the same in the case of invitation to treat or offer. The primary contract rule depicts that any offer must be unequivocal, clear and direct to any other party to the contract. Hence, for this purpose the catalogues, advertisements or the store flyers are not regarded as offers. The law calls the invitation to treat as essentially the invitations that are to the public in general to make the any offer to any particular item. Here lie certain exceptions. The advertisements that demarcate the rates of trains are to be held as an offer that is valid (McKendrick, 2014). Hence, it can be said that an invitation to treat is an announcement that is made merely to another person, that any person is ready to entertain any offer for any particular goods or service. In the case study that is provided, there is invitation to treat on the part of Alan when started looking at the bottles of vodka upon entering the liquor shop of Ben. In the case of Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain v Boots Cash Chemicals (1952), it was held that the offer would be rendered to any customer once the customer insists to buy. In the given case study, it is noted that Ben made the offer to Alan after getting the insisting from him to make the purchase of Russian vodka. In the given case, the offeror Ben, made the counter offer to Alan, who insisted for purchasing the vodka that is Russian. In this case, it evident that the counter offer by Ben nullifies the invitation to treat. On the basis of the insistence of Alan to make the purchase of Russian vodka, Ben made the offer and Alan as the offeree, made the acceptance of that offer. The case of Bannerman v White in 1861, made the stipulation of the legal principle that if there is any term that is communicated to the offeror by the offeree before the making of the contract, then such term should be binding on the offeror. Hence, from the discussion of these facts, it is evident that there is an offer by Ben and Alan accepts the same by making the purchase of the three bottles of the preferred drink. Consideration is the reward that is given to the party who contracts with another. Consideration is the price that is paid by any of the parties who contracts with one another in exchange of an obligation to the contract. A contract without consideration is void. Consideration may be given in kind or cash. However, the most reliable type of consideration is the one that is given in cash. For example, A agreed to buy Bs computer for 5000 dollars. The consideration here is 5000 dollars. Without the payment of this consideration the contract shall be deemed as void. The price that was fixed between Alan and Ben was the consideration that Alan had to pay to Ben in exchange of a promise. Legal Capacity for a contract to obtain the status of being enforceable and legally binding, it is important for the parties to the contract to give it the status of legal enforceability. This may happen only when the parties to the contract are lawfully capable of forming a contract with one another. If the parties to the contract do not have the capacity to contract with one another, then the contract may become voidable at the choice of the parties to the contract. For example, if the contract is with the minor then the contract may be declared as voidable with the choice of the minor. If the minor does not have the capability of understanding the implications of the contract the contract may be declared as void (Puil Weele, 2014). Alan and Ben had the legal capacity of entering into a contract with each other. Both were major in age and both of them were of sound mind. From the discussion of the above facts it is evident that there exists a contract between Ben and Alan that both valid and enforceable in the court of law. The Sales of Goods Act of Singapore deals with the sale and purchase of goods and the rights and liabilities of the seller and the buyer. As per the consumer law of Singapore, when exchange takes place for some price or value in which the seller or the vendor transfers his rights to the buyer then sale or purchase of the goods has taken place. Such transactions are covered and rules by the regulations consisting in the Sales of Goods Act, Singapore (Amin, 2013). The Sales of Goods Act contain a detailed list of the transactions that are covered within the scope of this Act. The first part of the Act deals with the meaning of the word as used in the Act. Part 1 (h) of the Sales of Goods Act describes the word goods. As per the explanation of this section, goods may means timber, stocks or crops (Ayres, 2012). The Sales of Good Act is known for the warranties that it contains to protect the buyer against the seller. The interests of the seller are protected against the acts of the seller with the help of this Act. The provisions in the Sales of Goods Act contain many warranties as per which protection is provided to the buyers from their deceptive actions. This is contained in Part 1 of the Sales of Goods Act (Cartwright, 2016). Section 15 of the Sales of Goods Act provides protection to the buyer by way of implication of implied warranties of this section against the seller. Implied warranties provide protection to the buyer from deceitful behavior of the seller. In the case of Griffiths v. Peter Conway Ltd, the Court held that when the buyer informs the seller explicitly about his needs and while following the instructions of the buyer if the seller fails to act reasonably then there is no breach of sections 14 and 15 of the Sales of Goods Act. In the court of Grant v. Australian Knittin g Mills ltd, the Court held that there was breach of section 14 even though the buyer did not expressly state the purpose of buying the goods. According to section 15 of the Act, when the seller has provided a particular description of the goods and if the goods does not match with the description provided then the buyer may file a suit against the seller for breach of his duty. Additionally, section 16 of the Act imposes warranty on the seller that it should match with the description of the goods (McKendrick, 2014). If the given rules are applied to the scenario, wherein Alan was the buyer and Ben was the seller. Alan already stated that he wanted to purchase a bottle of vodka that is distilled in Russia. Ben assured Alan that the drink that he is providing him with is from Russia. Consequently, he provided him with illicit drinks as a result of which Alans friend suffered from diarrhea. Hence, Alan may file suit against Ben for violation of sections 15 and 16 of the Sales of Goods Act. By including an exclusion clause in the contract, parties to the contract often restrict or avoid their liability that arises out of their contract. Exclusion clause means a clause that is introduced in the agreement or contract that avoids or restricts the liabilities of the parties to the contract. The liability is imposed only on the happening of any event, situation or circumstances. Hence, the presence of exclusion protects or restricts the liability of the seller (Loi Low, 2014). Exclusionary clauses that restrict the liability of the other person are mostly considered as illegal and opposed to public policy. In other countries, there are specific laws that deal with the application of exclusionary clauses. In most countries, exclusionary clauses are regarded as void and illegal. In Singapore, The Unfair Contract Terms Act helps in the regulation of contracts that contains exclusionary clauses. The Unfair Contract Terms Act is a body of law that is formulated to protect the ri ghts of the consumers that is often prejudiced by the weaker bargaining capacity of the consumers (Cartwright, 2016). Section 5 of the Unfair Contract Terms Act, states that products that are used by consumers for private consumption such as beverages shall be covered under this Act. In such cases, the manufacturer cannot rely on the term or that is printed on the receipt to exclude himself from liability that arises from such contract. Hence, the main aim of formulation of the Unfair Contract Terms Act was to restrict the sellers from application of the exclusion clauses to the contract (McKendrick, 2014). In this case, Ben issued a receipt to Alan that excluded him from the liability of any injury that may arise due to the consumption or use of the sold products. Receipt is not contract, it is just an acknowledgement. A receipt that is issued by the seller to the purchaser cannot be treated as an obligation nor does it lead to formation of contract. In the case of L Estrange v. Gr aucob, the plaintiff purchased a cigarette from the defendant and signed a small receipt that contained that the seller shall not be liable for any injury arising from the consumption of cigarette. The Court held in this case that the defendant cannot protect himself by including such clause in the receipt. The Unfair Contract Terms Act is applicable in all kind of contracts and it extends to the entire Singapore. Section 3 of the Unfair Contract Terms Act states the liability that arises from the contract and the relationship between the contracting parties to the contract. However, the section is applicable only in those situations any one of the contracting parties to the contract relies on the written terms or conditions of the contract (Amin, 2013). Hence, section 3 of the Act restricts any one of the parties to the contract to exclude or limit his liability regarding the breach of his or her contractual duties. Courts take into consideration the reasonableness of the exclusion clause, if the Court deems fit that the exclusion clause is reasonable then the plaintiff may not seek protection but if the exclusion clause is not reasonable then the Court may restrict the defendant from applying the exclusion clause to the contract (Hillman, 2012). This largely depends on the circumstanc es of a given case. In the given case scenario also, the seller, Ben included an exclusionary clause to the receipt which restricted him from the liability of providing protection to Alan. Such exclusion clause cannot be imposed on Alan and Ben cannot protect himself by applying this exclusion clause. The clause that was imposed by Ben to Alan shall not be considered as reasonable in the eyes of law as this limits the scope of its applicability. In the case study that is provided, Ben and Alan enter into a sale of contract with each other wherein Ben was the seller and Alan was the buyer. As mentioned earlier, a valid contract existed between Alan and Ben as they fulfilled all the requirements of a valid contract. Ben gave assurance to Alan that the vodka which he wanted to buy matched the requirements of Alan. However, Alans friends fall sick after consuming the same drink. It was later found that the drink which they bought from Ben was illicit. Alans friends get cured of diarrhea. Based on the facts, the issue that arises here is whether Alans friends can claim any issue against Ben or not? The initial answer to this question is No as there was lack of existence of valid contract between Ben and Alans friends. However, Alans friends can file a suit against Ben for breach of duty of care or may bring an action of negligence against him. Ben may be held liable for being negligent for selling bootleg drinks. Negligence means when a person breaches his or her duty of care which he owes to the plaintiff. Under ordinary circumstances a person is expected to utilize his sense of care and duty, failure to do the same may make the person liable for negligent action (Van Dam, 2013). To make a person liable for negligence, the following elements needs to be fulfilled, firstly, breach of duty of care. This means that the defendant owed duty of care to the plaintiff and the defendant failed to exercise that duty. The doctrine of proximity is also applicable in negligent cases; this means that the damage that is caused and the result of the damages should have close relation to one another (Deakin et al., 2012). In this case, Ben failed to exercise his duty of care as a shopkeeper. Ben should have acted reasonably and he should have made sure that the vodka drinks are not illicit in nature. The causation rule means that the plaintiff has to show that act of the defendant caused injury to the plaintiff. In this ca se, Alans friends who are not feeling well can also prove this point against Ben. Hence, Ben may be held liable for negligent action. According to the doctrine of privity, a person who is not a party to the contract cannot enforce the terms of the contract. However, the law of Singapore allows the third party to benefit from the terms of the contract in special circumstances. This doctrine is applicable to arbitration clauses as part of the contract (Liang Kee, 2014). In this case, Alans friends can apply the doctrine of privity and make Ben liable for breach of duty of care as a shopkeeper. Section 2 of the UCTA deals with negligent liability, this section prohibits a person from using a term of the contract to exclude himself from liability that has taken place due to the negligent action of the other person (Chan Lee, 2016). Ben can be held liable under Section 2 of the UCTA. References: Amin, N. (2013). Protecting consumers against unfair contract terms in Malaysia: the Consumer Protection (Amendment) Act 2010.Malayan Law Journal,1, 1-11. Ayres, I. (2012).Studies in Contract Law. Foundation Press. Cartwright, J. (2016).Contract law: An introduction to the English law of contract for the civil lawyer. Bloomsbury Publishing. Chan, G. K. Y., Lee, P. W. (2016). The Law of Torts in Singapore. Deakin, S. F., Johnston, A., Markesinis, B. S. (2012).Markesinis and Deakin's tort law. Oxford University Press. Hillman, R. A. (2012).The richness of contract law: An analysis and critique of contemporary theories of contract law(Vol. 28). Springer Science Business Media. Liang, J. S. W., Low Kee, Y. (2014). Recognising lost chances in tort law.Singapore Journal of Legal Studies, (Jul 2014), 98. Loi, K. C., Low, K. F. (2014). Non-reliance clauses and the unfair contract terms act: welcome clarity from Singapore.Journal of business law, (2), 155-160. McKendrick, E. (2014).Contract law: text, cases, and materials. Oxford University Press (UK). Puil, J. V. D., Weele, A. V. (2014). Contract Law and Tort Law. InInternational Contracting: Contract Management in Complex Construction Projects(pp. 285-292). Van Dam, C. (2013).European tort law. OUP Oxford.

Reaction to Sabah Issue free essay sample

MANILA, Philippines The sultanate of Sulu brushed off President BenignoAquino III’s allegations â€Å"conspirators† funded the voyage of some 200 followers who went to Sabah to press its claim to the territory. The voyage was â€Å"KKB,† short for â€Å"kaniya-kaniyang bayad,† meaning everyone who went paid contributed towards expenses, Abraham Idjirani, spokesman of the sultanate, said at a press briefing Monday afternoon. The sultanate’s briefing immediately followed that held in Malacanang by Aquino. Princess Jacel Kiram, daughter of Sulu Sultan Jamalul Kiram III, slammed Aquino’s briefing, calling it full of â€Å"hypothetical analogy† and â€Å"speculative statements† to which they could not respond and dared Aquino to â€Å"name the conspirators† he claimed had abetted their follower’s voyage to Sabah. She also denied claims by the Malaysian government that the political opposition there had helped stoke the Sabah crisis. â€Å"We are not connected to the Malaysian opposition; we have not talked to any of them,† she said. We will write a custom essay sample on Reaction to Sabah Issue or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page E. Reaction/Reflection : As we read the article that have published by interaksyon. com of TV5 Article 1 which is the National Territory have popped up in our minds. As stated in Section 1 the National Territory compromises the Philippine Archipelago which includes all the islands and waters. The Philippines claim that they own the Sabah, same thing as Malaysia. For us, we think it is appropriate that the Philippines should have Sabah because it is still included in our territory and considered as a part of the Philippine Archipelago based on the EEZ of the Philippines. Some Filipinos have the traveled there to protect it even if its â€Å"KKB† to fight for their territory rights.

Categories of Hurricanes

Categories of Hurricanes The Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale sets categories for the relative strength of hurricanes that may impact the United States based on the sustained wind speed. The scale places the storms into one of five categories. Since the 1990s, only wind speed has been used to categorize hurricanes. To estimate wind speed, the wind and wind gusts are measured over some period of time (typically one minute) and are then averaged together. The result is the highest average wind observed within a weather event.   Another measurement of weather is the barometric pressure, which is the weight of the atmosphere on any given surface. Falling pressure indicates a storm, while rising pressure usually means the weather is improving.   Category 1 Hurricane A hurricane labeled Category 1 has a  maximum sustained wind speed  of 74–95 miles per hour (mph), making it the weakest category. When the sustained wind speed drops below 74 mph, the storm is downgraded from a hurricane to a tropical storm. Although weak by hurricane standards, a Category 1 hurricanes winds are dangerous and will cause damage. Such damage could include: Roof, gutter, and siding damage to framed homesDowned power linesSnapped tree branches and uprooted trees In a Category 1 hurricane, coastal storm surge reaches 3–5 feet and the barometric pressure is approximately 980 millibars. Examples of Category 1 hurricanes include Hurricane Lili in 2002 in Louisiana and Hurricane Gaston, which hit South Carolina in 2004. Category 2 Hurricane When the maximum sustained wind speed is 96–110 mph, a hurricane is called a Category 2. The winds are considered extremely dangerous and will cause extensive damage, such as: Major roof and siding damage to framed homesMajor power outages that could last days to weeksMany uprooted trees and blocked roads Coastal storm surge reaches 6–8 feet and the barometric pressure is approximately 979–965 millibars. Hurricane Arthur, which hit North Carolina in 2014, was a Category 2 hurricane. Category 3 Hurricane Category 3 and above are considered major hurricanes. The maximum sustained wind speed is 111–129 mph. Damage from this category of hurricane is devastating: Mobile homes destroyed or heavily damagedMajor damage to framed homesMany uprooted trees and blocked roadsComplete power outages and unavailability of water for several days to weeks Coastal storm surge reaches 9–12 feet and the barometric pressure is approximately 964–945 millibars. Hurricane Katrina, which struck Louisiana in 2005, is one of the most devastating storms in U.S. history, causing an estimated $100 billion in damage. It was rated Category 3 when it made landfall.   Category 4 Hurricane With a maximum sustained wind speed of 130–156 mph, a Category 4 hurricane can result in catastrophic damage: Most mobile homes destroyedFramed homes destroyedHomes built to withstand hurricane-force winds sustain significant roof damageMost trees snapped or uprooted and roads blockedElectrical poles downed and outages lasting several last weeks to months Coastal storm surge reaches 13–18 feet and the barometric pressure is approximately 944–920 millibars. The deadly Galveston, Texas hurricane of 1900 was a Category 4 storm that killed an estimated  6,000 to 8,000 people. A more recent example is Hurricane Harvey, which made landfall at San Josà © Island, Texas, in 2017. Hurricane Irma was a Category 4 storm when it hit Florida in 2017, although it was a Category 5 when it struck Puerto Rico. Category 5 Hurricane The most catastrophic of all hurricanes, a Category 5 has a maximum sustained wind speed of 157 mph or higher. Damage can be so severe that most of the area hit  by such a storm could be uninhabitable for weeks or even months. Coastal storm surge reaches more than 18 feet and the barometric pressure is below 920 millibars. Only three Category 5 hurricanes have struck the mainland United States since records began: The Labor Day Hurricane of 1935 in the Florida KeysHurricane Camille in 1969 near the mouth of the Mississippi RiverHurricane Andrew in 1992 in Florida In 2017, Hurricane Maria was a Category 5 when it devastated Dominica and a Category 4 in Puerto Rico, making it the worst disaster in those islands histories. When Hurricane Maria hit the mainland U.S., it had weakened to a Category 3.

Egg in a Bottle Demonstration

Egg in a Bottle Demonstration The egg in a bottle demonstration is an easy chemistry or physics demonstration you can do at home or in the lab. You set an egg on top of a bottle (as pictured). You change the temperature of the air inside the container either by dropping a piece of burning paper into the bottle or by directly heating/cooling the bottle. Air pushes the egg into the bottle. Materials Peeled hard-boiled egg (or soft-boiled, if a yolky mess interests you)Flask or jar with an opening slightly smaller than the diameter of the eggPaper/lighter or very hot water or very cold liquid In a chemistry lab, this demonstration is most commonly performed using a 250-ml flask and a medium or large egg. If you are trying this demonstration at home, you can use a glass apple juice bottle. If you use too large of an egg, it will get sucked into the bottle, but stuck (resulting in a gooey mess if the egg was soft-boiled). We recommend a medium egg for most bottles. An extra-large egg gets wedged in the bottle. Perform the Demonstration Method 1: Set a piece of paper on fire and drop it into the bottle. Set the egg on top of the bottle (small side pointed downward). When the flame goes out, the egg will get pushed into the bottle.Method 2: Set the egg on the bottle. Run the bottle under very hot tap water. Warmed air will escape around the egg. Set the bottle on the counter. As it cools, the egg will be pushed into the bottle.Method 3: Set the egg on the bottle. Immerse the bottle in a very cold liquid. We have heard of this being done using liquid nitrogen, but that sounds dangerous (could shatter the glass). We recommend trying ice water. The egg is pushed in as the air inside the bottle is chilled. How It Works If you just set the egg on the bottle, its diameter is too large for it to slip inside. The pressure of the air inside and outside of the bottle is the same, so the only force that would cause the egg to enter the bottle is gravity. Gravity isnt sufficient to pull the egg inside the bottle. When you change the temperature of the air inside the bottle, you change the pressure of the air inside the bottle. If you have a constant volume of air and heat it, the pressure of the air increases. If you cool the air, the pressure decreases. If you can lower the pressure inside the bottle enough, the air pressure outside the bottle will push the egg into the container. Its easy to see how the pressure changes when you chill the bottle, but why is the egg pushed into the bottle when heat is applied? When you drop burning paper into the bottle, the paper will burn until the oxygen is consumed (or the paper is consumed, whichever comes first). Combustion heats the air in the bottle, increasing the air pressure. The heated air pushes the egg out of the way, making it appear to jump on the mouth of the bottle. As the air cools, the egg settles down and seals the mouth of the bottle. Now there is less air in the bottle than when you started, so it exerts less pressure. When the temperature inside and outside the bottle is the same, there is enough positive pressure outside the bottle to push the egg inside. Heating the bottle produces the same result (and may be easier to do if you cant keep the paper burning long enough to put the egg on the bottle). The bottle and the air are heated. Hot air escapes from the bottle until the pressure both inside and outside the bottle is the same. As the bottle and air inside continue to cool, a pressure gradient builds, so the egg is pushed into the bottle. How to Get the Egg Out You can get the egg out by increasing the pressure inside the bottle so that it is higher than the pressure of the air outside of the bottle. Roll the egg around so it is situated with the small end resting in the mouth of the bottle. Tilt the bottle just enough so you can blow air inside the bottle. Roll the egg over the opening before you take your mouth away. Hold the bottle upside down and watch the egg fall out of the bottle. Alternatively, you can apply negative pressure to the bottle by sucking the air out, but then you risk choking on an egg, so thats not a good plan.

Has humanity progressed Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Has humanity progressed - Essay Example ophical theories which includes the Leviathan theory by Thomas Hobbes, Discourse on Inequality by Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Enlightenment by Immanuel Kant, and the German ideology by Karl Marx. Leviathan is a sea monster which has been referred to as the gatekeeper of hell and has been mentioned in the Bible. Hobbes introduced his Leviathan philosophy and this was one of the most important philosophies using the principle of social contract. In his theory, Hobbes discussed that the best way to reach social unity is by the establishment of a social contract where the people combine to form a central power, or government, and give their consent to an agreed set of rules and regulations. He stated that by nature, every man is considered as a competition by another and compared humans to animals with respect to violence. Hobbes stated: With the existence of a social contract, any social unrest is less likely to happen and with all the people having representation in the central authoritative body, there is also less chance of a civil war. (Infidels) When we take this into consideration and analyze whether humanity has actually progressed or not, it can be observed that humanity has not improved at all. People still have the nature of considering everyone as a competitor for them and they have become less tolerant to each other. People, in the form of nations, are fighting with each other to win others’ territory either due to the important strategic location or resources. Groups are fighting with each other on grounds of religion, and the threat factor has increased so much that despite majority of the religions fighting preach peace, yet their believers are displaying the worst form of human rights violation. Although many may argue that the popularity of democracy shows that the social contract may exist, but the truth remains that despite our actions to solve our issues with the help of a central authoritative body, we still have the same mentality and thus it